2024 Nobel Prize Winners: Full List and Achievements Across Categories
Multiple outstanding human achievements from different scientific disciplines received the Nobel Prizes during 2024. Laureates who won this year developed revolutionary scientific breakthroughs focusing on physiology or medicine alongside physics and chemistry and literature and peace which revolutionized contemporary science development and societal progress.
The article examines each prize category through an examination of the winning achievements which transformed our current world perception.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun
Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine after they explained microRNA behavior which fundamentally controls gene expression patterns. The research of Ambros and Ruvkun produced novel information about cellular processes that affect disease conditions including cancer and cardiovascular disorders. Their research documented the binding mechanism of microRNAs with messenger RNA which regulates protein production for cellular function in their 1993 publication.
Nobel Prize in Physics: John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton
John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton jointly received the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics for establishing connections between artificial neural networks and statistical physics concept. Through their research efforts machine learning together with artificial intelligence (AI) became stronger while accomplishing advanced pattern detection within extensive datasets. The research brings massive advantages to particle physics and provides the basis for common technologies that include facial recognition systems. Ellen Moons who leads the Physics Committee praised the significance of their work yet reminded the audience about the need for responsible AI development.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry: David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John Jumper
The Chemistry Nobel Prize reached David Baker for his work in computational protein design while Demis Hassabis and John Jumper accepted it for their AlphaFold2 AI model which predicts structures of more than 200 million proteins. The technological innovations are essential for studying how proteins operate because they drive progress in medicine and nanotechnology. The practical advantages produced by their research include fighting antibiotic resistance while forming environmental solutions.
Nobel Prize in Literature: Han Kang
South Korean writer Han Kang won the Nobel Prize in Literature through her deep and poetic writing that examines historical pain and human mortality during the Nobel Prize ceremony in 2024. Through her works Han Kang reveals the subtle relationships between physical and spiritual states as well as evolutionary and terminal processes of life. Through her distinct literary voice Kang Han transformed contemporary writing style and obtained worldwide acclaim for The Vegetarian and Human Acts alongside other works.
Nobel Peace Prize: Nihon Hidankyo
For 2024 the Nobel Peace Prize recipients included Nihon Hidankyo because this Japanese survivor organization represents Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombing victims. Since its establishment in 1956 this organization leads the anti-nuclear movement through sharing stories from survivors who document the terrible aftermath of nuclear attacks. Through their work Nihon Hidankyo reinforces the global “nuclear taboo” while advocating worldwide progress towards nuclear disarmament.
2024 Nobel Prize Winners: Full List
| Category | Winners | Achievement |
|---|---|---|
| Physiology or Medicine | Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun | Discovery of microRNAs |
| Physics | John J. Hopfield, Geoffrey E. Hinton | Advancements in AI and machine learning |
| Chemistry | David Baker, Demis Hassabis, John Jumper | Protein structure prediction and design |
| Literature | Han Kang | Poetic prose exploring human fragility |
| Peace | Nihon Hidankyo | Advocacy for nuclear disarmament |
What are the Nobel Prizes?
Every year Nobel Prize boards present multiple prestigious awards to professionals who excel within physiology or medicine alongside physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economic activities.
Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2024?
The Nobel Peace Prize of 2024 went to Nihon Hidankyo which represents Japanese nuclear bombing survivors who work to eliminate nuclear weapons.
What is the significance of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2024?
Through their achievements in protein structure prediction David Baker and his team members Demis Hassabis and John Jumper received the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry boosting fields of medicine and technology.
